came up so I look it up
oxim
, oxime (ŏk′sĭm)
Any compound produced by the action of hydroxylamine on an aldehyde or ketone. When analdehyde is involved, the general formula RCH = NOH is produced. When a ketone is acted upon,R2CH = NOH is produced.
Hydroxylamine
Hydroxylamine is a colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent, due to its ability to donate nitric oxide.
Hydroxylamine is a reactive chemical with formula NH2OH. It can be considered a hybrid of ammonia and water due to parallels it shares with each. At room temperature pure NH2OH is ordinarily a white, unstable crystalline, hygroscopic compound; however it is almost always encountered as an aqueous solution. A colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent, due to its ability to donate nitric oxide. Hydroxylamine may explode on heating. It is an irritant to the respiratory tract, skin, eyes, and other mucous membranes. It may be absorbed through the skin, is harmful if swallowed, and is a possible mutagen. NH2OH is an intermediate in the biological nitrification. The oxidation of NH3 is mediated by HAO (hydroxylamine oxidoreductase).
HYDROXYLAMINE is an odorless white crystalline solid. Sinks and mixes with water.
aldehyde
an organic compound containing the aldehyde functional group (-CHO); that is, one with acarbonyl group (C=O) located at one end of the carbon chain.
The group without R is called the aldehyde group or formyl group. Aldehydes differ from ketones in that the carbonyl is placed at the end of a carbon skeleton rather than between two carbon atoms. 1. Formaldehyde kills most bacteria, and so a solution of formaldehyde in water is commonly used as a disinfectant.
What You Should Know about Formaldehyde
What is formaldehyde?
Formaldehyde is a colorless, strong-smelling gas. It is used to make building materials
and household products. Formaldehyde is used to make walls, cabinets, and furniture.
What happens when someone breathes too much formaldehyde?
Formaldehyde can make you feel sick if you breathe a lot of it. People can have
symptoms such as:
• sore throat
• cough
• scratchy eyes
• nosebleeds
Scientists use the words “exposed” or “exposure” to talk about how people come in
contact with a substance, such as formaldehyde. Some people are more sensitive than
others, so an exposure that causes no problems for some people can make other people
sick or uncomfortable. Some of these symptoms also happen with other upper respiratory
illnesses, such as colds/flu and seasonal allergies, so if you have these symptoms we
recommend that you see a doctor or another medical professional.
In general −
• If you are more sensitive to formaldehyde and are exposed to more of it for a
longer time, you are more likely to have symptoms.
• If you are exposed to less formaldehyde for a shorter time, you are less likely to
have symptoms, especially if you are not sensitive to formaldehyde.
Formaldehyde is known to cause cancer. The cancer of greatest concern is cancer of the
nose and throat. Scientific research has not yet shown that a certain level of formaldehyde
exposure causes cancer. However, the higher the level and the longer the exposure, the
greater the chance of getting cancer. Exposure to formaldehyde might increase the chance
of getting cancer even at levels too low to cause symptoms.
Sources of formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a common chemical that can be emitted from a number of products in
the home. Smoking, pressed wood, and particle board have all been shown to be sources
of formaldehyde. Higher formaldehyde levels are usually found in newer homes or
homes with new construction. The levels decrease over time. Formaldehyde levels also
increase with increases in temperature and humidity.
1000
ppb
High If your reading falls into the higher range, you need to place a high
priority on lowering your exposure to formaldehyde. This is
especially important if family members are elderly, young children,
or have health conditions such as asthma.
If your reading falls into the intermediate range, your risk of
irritation from formaldehyde exposure is lower, but it is still
important to take steps to reduce your formaldehyde exposure. This
is especially important if family members are elderly, young
children, or have health conditions such as asthma.
If your reading falls into the lower range, these levels are found on
the streets of many cities and in many buildings. The risk of health
problems at these levels is low.
100
ppb
Medium
10 ppb Low
Note: Levels are expressed at parts per billion (ppb). To convert to parts per million
(ppm), divide by 1000.
In addition to the formaldehyde level, you should think about other factors.
Age. Formaldehyde exposure is a special concern for children and the elderly. Children
may become sensitive to formaldehyde more easily, which may make it more likely they
will become sick. Elderly people may be less able to tolerate high formaldehyde
exposures. If children or elderly people are in your home, it is important to reduce their
exposure to formaldehyde.
Health conditions. Formaldehyde irritates the airways. People with asthma, bronchitis,
or other breathing conditions are especially sensitive to formaldehyde. People with other
chronic diseases also may be less able to tolerate formaldehyde exposure. Pregnant
women and their unborn children may not be at higher risk, but they should be careful
about exposure. If anyone in your home has any of these conditions, it is important to
reduce their exposure to formaldehyde.
How can I improve the air quality in my home?
To protect yourself from formaldehyde exposure:
• Do not smoke, and especially do not smoke indoors.
• Open windows as much as possible to let in fresh air.
• Try to keep the temperature inside homes at the lowest comfortable setting.
• Run the air conditioner or dehumidifier to control mold.
• Also, spend as much time outdoors in fresh air as possible. This is especially
important for families with children, elderly people or those with chronic diseases
such as asthma.
To control mold:
• Fix water leaks to help keep mold away.
• Clean away any mold you see or smell with detergent and water.
In addition:
• Be sure to bring in fresh air when you use cleaning products and insecticides. To
do this, open windows or run the air conditioner. Be sure the air conditioner is
bringing in air from outside.
• If you smell gas, do not light any flames or sparks and leave the building right
away.
• If you have health concerns, see a doctor or another medical professional.
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